Merge pull request #34758 from fgrzadkowski/monitoring_arch

Automatic merge from submit-queue

Add monitoring architecture

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**What this PR does / why we need it**: This adds a description of monitoring architecture.

**Special notes for your reviewer**: This proposal have been already extensively discussed in [this doc](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1z7R44MUz_5gRLwsVH0S9rOy8W5naM9XE5NrbeGIqO2k); this is just a copy&paste so that it's in our repo.

@kubernetes/autoscaling @kubernetes/sig-instrumentation @DirectXMan12 @davidopp @piosz @derekwaynecarr @thockin 

**Release note**:
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